Archive for Environmental Awareness Course

Did You Know – Hippopotamus amphibius

See below for this weeks South African animal factsheet!
Exceptionally large amphibious mammal: average size 1600-3200kg (male). Brown to purple-gray in colour with pink underparts. Large body with short legs.

Did You Know – Skink

Check out this weeks factsheet on Typical Skinks – Trachylepis (Mabuya).

-Skink  -Genus: Trachylepis   -Description: Genus of 23 species of skink that are similar in appearance, i.e. body shape. All lizards within this genus have fairly shiny scales, large eyes with movable eyelids and well developed legs. -Size: The largest species are approximately 120mm and the smallest approximately 55m in length. -Tail length: Usually the same as body length however the grass-top skink has a tail that is over twice its body length. -Behaviour: Active by day. Tend to bask in very open positions and do not run away till you get quite close to them. -Food: active foragers of insects such as beetles, grasshoppers and flies. Skinks will also bask in strategic positions that allow their food to come close to them. Some, e.g. the rainbow skink will even eat the young of smaller lizard species. -Predators: Preyed upon by many, the skink uses a method called tail autotomy to help it escape. This means that their tails shed/fall off to distract the predator from its skink prey. Many skinks have a brightly coloured tail to maximise their chances of escape, e.g. the rainbow skink and Angolan blue-tailed skink have bright blue tails. -Social structure: Skinks tend to be found in high density. This causes interaction with fighting of posturing to intimidate eachother for the best basking sites. -Habitat: Can be arboreal, terrestrial or rock dwelling. Skinks are usually able to live in a variety of habitats, however the wedge-snouted skink is restricted to sand dunes and arid scrublands. -Reproduction: Varies even among the same species- their have been recorded cases of certain populations of variable skink (pictured) giving birth to live young, but another population of the same skink will instead lay eggs. -Distribution: Widespread and common, however most species occur in the northern parts of southern Africa. -Did You Know: After shedding its tail a skink will often return and eat it.

Did You Know – Kudu

Here it is, another factsheet in our South African Wildlife collection. This week is the Kudu – join in the fun next week with the Monday Wildlife quiz on our Umkhumbi Lodge Facebook page.

 

Kudu - scientific name: Tragelaphus Strepsiceros - Description : Extremly shy of humans this South African even-toed ungulate lives in herds of up to 12. Large, with long legs they have 6 to 10 vertical white stripes. Unlike Nyala their horns are not white tipped. - Food : Browsers= Fruit, seed pods, melons - ocassionally will raid crops and is considered a nuisance in some areas. Eats young grass shoots to that have a high water content. This makes them independent of water. - Male and female : Male Kudu are greyer than the cows and calves who have a copper shen to their coats. Only male Kudu have long spiral horns. - Life expectancy : 12-15 years - it is possible to age males based on the shape of their horns. - Behaviour: Usually occur in small herds of 3-10 but have been known to form larger heards. Outside of rutting season, adult bulls are either solitary or in bachelor herds.  Usually active in early morning or late afternoon they have taken to nocturnal activity in areas where thy have been disturbed or hunted. - Habitat : Occur only in Savannah woodland, do not occur in open grassland or forest. Have been known to occur along wooded watercourses.  Prefer Acacia woodland and rocky hill country. - Reproduction : Most births take place in the summer months however calves are born thoughout the year. The Kudu cow moves away from the rest of the herd to give birth to one calf weighing about 16kg. Gestation period is is around 210 days. The calves hide for a few days until they are able to keep up with the herd. - Distribution : Occur principally in North and Eastern parts of South Africa with isolated populations in the cape province. Widely occur through central Africa south of the equatorial forests. - Did You Know? : • Kudu can easily jump over fences up to 2 metres high! • The inside of a Kudus ear is pink • The longest recorded horn length is 181.6cm - the average size is 120cm

 

Did You Know – Heady Maiden Moth

Find below our latest factsheet on the Heady Maiden moth
-Heady Maiden Moth -Scientific name: amata cerbera -Identification: Blackish blue wings with transparent spots. Body is a blue/green with red or orange bands.  Usually 4 bands. -Male and female: Similar markings on male and female -Body length: One of the smaller moths - 30mm body length -Behaviour: Sluggish, slow flying day fliers. -Food: Adult moths do not need to eat as they obtain most of the food they need as caterpillars and breed quickly. They do however drink.Some with working proboscis (mouth-piece like a straw) suck nectar from plant flowers and tree sap. Larvae feeds on various leaves, flowers, and fruit dependant on region. -Larvae: Larvae have been found in various places from grass to Coffee. -Communicate: Communicate with chemical signals -Habitat: Succelent Karoo to Sub-tropical Forest -Distribution: Eastern Coast of South Africa extending up to Mozambique and as far inland as Swaziland. -Predators: Varied predators from Chameleons to birds. Roughly summarised to 'anything that can catch them'. Parasitic wasps kill eggs. -Did You Know: - The genus name amata means loved : Butterflies have straight antenna whilst moths have ones that     resemble TV aerials to help them fly at night : Unlike m

Did You Know – Pink Throated Twinspot

See below for the latest in our factsheet series
Pink-Throated Twinspot Scientific name: Hypargos margaritatus  :Description - Small brightly spotted bird endemic to regions in the Northern KwaZulu Natal, Swaziland and southern Mozambique.  :Call - Soft, high pitched trill.  :Endemic (only found) in thornveld thickets and and coastal scrub.  :Male/female - - Male has pinkish throat, face and breast with a brown crown. - Female has a grey-brown throat, breast and belly. - Both adults have distinct white spots on black on underside below wings and chest. - Juvenile is brown above and pale-grey below. Has no spots.  :Nesting behaviour - Builds nest in an untidy ball shape with the entrance is on the side. Tend to be built low down in dense vegetation. 3-4 eggs are lain. Breeding occurs in the early months of the year, usually around January.  :Diet - Eats both seeds and insects  :Did You Know - - Very rare due to its relatively small distribution, very desirable with birdwatchers. - In Afrikaans they are called Rooskeelkolpensie. - Often mistaken for the red-throated twispot. - There is also a green throated twinspot

Did You Know – Natal Hinged Tortoise

Natal Hinged Tortoise Scientific name / Genus: Kinixys  Description: A group of tortoises who have a hinge between the 7 and 8th marginal scutes (plates) of their shell.  Diet:   Various - Grasses, forbs, indigenous fruits, succulents, millipedes, insects, snails, carrion and mushrooms.  Habitat: Occur in a wide range of habitats including bushveld, thornveld, savanna woodland, forest and grassland. Restricted to North Eastern parts of South Africa.  Breeding: Most recorded matings are Sep-Nov, but Natal Hinged tortoise has been observed in Feb.  Clutches between 2-10 hardshelled eggs laid in Nov-Apr. Bell's hinged tortoise lays several clutches.  Incubation 3-10+ months, hatching Sep-April.  Conservation: The Natal Hinged Tortoise is IUCN listed as 'Near Threatened' due to extensive habitat destruction  Different species within genus: - Bell's Hinged Tortoise; Kinixys belliana - Lobatse Hinged Tortoise; Kinixys lobatsiana - Natal hinged tortoise; Kinixys natalensis - Speke's hinged tortoise; kinixys spekii  Male or female: Avg shell length 155-210mm. Avg weight 600g to 1.8kg. Females larger than males. Hinge may be absent or ill-formed in juveniles   Did You Know:  - Tortoises are more active in the rain - Have lived up to 22 years in captivity

Did You Know – Suni

The latest in our quiz sheets! The Suni :)

Suni Scientific name:  Neotragus moschatus  Description:  A very small species of African antelope - can be mistaken for very young duiker. Very little is known about these reclusive animals.  Habitat: Rarely seen, found in dense woodland. Have a limited distribution usually in sandforest and coastal forest in North East of South Africa.  Communication: Usually thought to be silent, few reported cases of barking. When distressed will cry like a human baby.  Male or female: Approx 350mm high. Female/ Male  5.4kg/5kg Both have Light brown - chestnut coloured coat with white underparts and inner legs. Young are slightly darker. Rounded ears are pink inside, grey outside. Rams grow smooth tipped horns with deep ridges.  Behaviour: Usually diurnal, the Suni will hide the day away in a sheltered, shady spot.  Both males and females are territorial, with home ranges varying from 1-8 hectares depending on habitat suitability. Males mark their territory with the scent glands on their cheek (pre-orbital scent glands).  Diet: Feed from the forest floor on newly fallen leaves, flowers and fruit. Usually will feed at dusk and dawn.  Predators: Prey to many, the Suni use their camoflague and wait until the last minute to run away.  Life Expectancy Unknown  Did you know: - Suni sightings are even rarer than that of Leopard. - Suni have the largest pre-orbital scent glands relative to size of all African antelopes. - There are thought to be less than 1000 Suni in Zululand

Bye byes!

As always the day to leave has crept up on us :(

There were lots of sad faces this morning, and a couple could only nibble on their french toast. There is nothing quite as bad as the mixed feelings experienced by all of our students on the last day with us. Excited about going home and seeing everyone, but at the same time not wanting to leave – ever!

The students leave the gate of Umkhumbi Lodge and Albizia Camp for the last time this year

Putting on happy faces for the camera!

Driving past one minibus now all I see are grumpy little faces, and one or two scribbling furiously in the diaries they have been dutifully keeping.

See some of you next year!

Time to get some culture

The last full day in South Africa for our UK students. We’ve done everything else, so what better way to spend it than experiencing some of the culture.

Within seconds of being in the village the young children were begging our students to play games and hi-five them

We meet our guides at the shop, a small one roomed shop that serves the needs of the whole community. Then it was time to walk to the primary school, a walk many young children are happy to walk as it takes them to their friends and an education that they are all grateful for.

Our UK students experience the walk.

Many of the children that attend the school walk even further, sometimes on their own and this made our students realise just how lucky they are.

Luke even helped to push one of the teachers cars when it got stuck in the mud.

The African students are always very excited to see our students and teach them songs, and dances as they try – even at 5 years old – to connect with their new friends.

The lower years treat our students to a song

Then it was the turn of some of our students to sing to the older students


To say thank you for taking time out of their lessons to talk to us and teach us about their community the UK students brought with them a large donation of chalks, pencils, crayons, notepads, clothing, toys and sweets for the children which they left to be distributed amongst the most needy children.

Some of the donation to the school

 

The deputy head thanks us all for the donations

Then we were lucky enough to be shown around a rural homestead in the same village.

Our little friends from outside the village shop even showed us where it was.

We were shown the traditional cooking huts and all got to peek inside the dark room which despite getting covered in soot from the range is surprisingly clean.

We learnt about the way in which traditionally women must sit on the left of a house and men on the right. We also learnt about the gender roles within the community – which the girls did not think were particularly fair!

But sadly it is now time to go back to the camp and begin to pack for the flight back to the UK tomorrow.

Souvenirs

More shopping, except this time our students find themselves away from the big shopping centre of Durban.

Studying the carving sand trying to decide which one

The market is local to the lodge where every item has been made or grown by the women of the community to give them independence and provide for their families.

Fruit, fruit and more fruit - no one could resist the pineapples

There is a vast choice of things to buy – almost too much choice!
Many people went round the market not once, not twice, but four times.

Smile!

Before we left the market everyone had the chance to taste properly prepared, fresh pineapple. The way to prepare the pineapple is to cut of the skin but leave the grasses intact so that you can just turn it upside down and munch it like a lolly.
But no one wanted pictures of themselves with juice running down their chins on here – so I am afraid you will have to wait till they get back and show you their photos.

Dinner time soon! Macaroni cheese and chocolate cake :D