Tag Archive for hluhluwe-imfolozi

Did You Know – Pygmy Kingfisher

See below for the latest in our factsheet series.
Pygmy Kingfisher Scientific name: Ispidina picta  Description: The African Pygmy Kingfisher is the smallest Kingfisher in the region at 13cm high.  Habitat: Found in the West of South Africa, Swaziland, Mozambique and Zimbabwe.  Non-aquatic the pygmy kingfisher is found in woodland, savannah and coastal forests.  Diet: Unlike most Kingfishers, the pygmy Kingfisher does not eat fish.Their diet consists mainly of insects, however they will also devour small lizards and frogs when available. Despite its small size the Pygmy Kingfisher can easily control large prey by bashing it on a tree or stone until it stops fighting.  Calls: High pitched 'chip chip'  when flying.  Male/ Female: Adults the same. Juveniles similar to adult but with darkish bill (beak).  Breeding: Usually breeding between October and December the pygmy kingfishers nest in an old burrow or tunnel on a bank.   3 - 6 eggs are normally laid in the nest.  Did You Know: - Only Kingfisher that doesn't eat fish. - Can be distinguished from malachite kingfisher by its small size and the violet wash around its ears.

Did You Know – Spotted Hyaena

See below our fact sheet for the spotted Hyaena (Crocuta crocuta)

Spotted Hyaena (hyena) Scientific name: Crocuta crocuta  Description: Largest of the hyena family, look bearlike. Hyena are carnivores that are related to the mongoose. May have originated in Asia 5 million years ago. Coat is short and thin. Colour reddish brown/tan coat which gets lighter and less spotted with age. Natal coat is black, no spots. Yearling coat grey and heavily spotted.  Habitat: Found in savannah and where ever there are antelope and zebra.  Life expectancy: Males and females can live 20-25 years in the wild. Captive hyaena  have been known to reach 40.  Communication: One of the most vocal African animals. Have 11 different calls. - Groans and squeals - greeting - Whooping - contact call - Fast whooping - Rally call - male calls tend to be ignored. - Lowing - shows impatience, usually when waiting at a kill. 	  Diet: Carnivore, rarely eats insects/fruit/vegetable. Unlike other carnivores eats most of animal (other carnivores can waste up to 40%). Hyaenas have the ability to eat and digest everything, even bones, hooves, teeth and smaller horns which are all digested within 24 hours. Hyaenas eat everything except the stomach content of their prey. Taking the easy way for food they will scavenge or pick young/injured animals. But they are capable of taking down wildebeest three time their size.  Social structure: Live in large groupd to defend territory. But unlike other social carnivores; - compete more and co-operate less. - Females are bigger than the males - Females compete for rank and food - No cross suckling of young - Males play no parental role  - the few that are allowed near the cub dens are bullied by higher ranking offspring.   Male/female: Not as easy as you'd think... Males: height 79-86cm Females: Larger than males height 84-89cm.  Both sexes have 2 teats and boneless penis 14.5-19.5cm. Female penis changes at puberty as urethral opening splits open and teats enlarge.  Behaviour: Movement - rarely trots, moves at about 6mph. Can run 25-31mph but only for a few miles.  Predators: No real predators, but heavy competition. Spotted hyaena practice mobbing attacks against rival clans and lions - usually to claim a kill. Lack of cooperative defense does put hyaena to disadvantage. Use vultures as indicator of carcass.   Did You Know: -Their jaws are capable of exerting pressures of up to 800 kg/square inch!  -Another name for the spotted hyena is the “laughing hyena”.

Did You Know – Purple-Crested Turaco

See our factsheet below for more information about the purple-crested Turaco (formerly known as the purple-crested Lourie).

Purple crested turaco Formerly known as the Purple-crested lourie  Scientific name: Musophaga porphyreolopha  Description: Colourful African forest bird with red underwings and distinctive call. It differs from the other Turacos due its very dark purple crest, and the lack of white around the eyes.  Diet: Feeds almost exclusiely on fruits  Habitat: Tends to be found in coastal and riverine forests, sometimes also found in broad leaved woodland. Inhabits a large portion of Eastern African continent including; South Africa, Swaziland, Mozambique and Zimbabwe.  Male/female/juvenile: Adults the same. Juvenile is duller in colour.  Call: Loud 'kok-kok-kok-kok' call  Nest behavior: Both sexes build the nest. Usually one will return with sticks to give to the other who will place it in the nest. 2-4 eggs are laid which are incubated by both parents for approx 3 weeks. Chicks are ready to fly at 38 days.  Did you know:  Despite being brightly coloured, the purple crested turaco is hard to spot. It is mostly noticed by the bright red feathers of their underwings as they move from tree to tree.

Did You Know – Cocktail Ant

See below the factsheet for the South African Cocktail Ant
Cocktail Ant Scientific Name: Crematogaster peringueyi Description: Small ant species indigenous to South Africa.  Habitat: Diverse habitat, usually found in a forested area. Distribution is along the East Coast of South Africa.  Predators: Surprisingly few due to red colour and irritant fluid. Tend to be preyed upon mainly by birds.  Food:  Worker ants tend aphids and coccid insects for honeydew.  Social structure: Like all ants they form colonies which comprise of a queen and worker ants. There are many different types of worker ant - some work in the nursery, some collect food, some protect the colony e.t.c.  Communication: Unknown, presumed same as standard ant - Using pheremones (scents). e.g. an ant that finds food will leave a scent trail on his way to the colony for other ants to follow.  Male or Female: This doesn't really apply to Ants.Two types of ant instead;   Queen - Body length 6mm Worker ant - Body length 3-6mm, 2 segmented waist, head, thorax and legs reddish brown and black.  Life Expectancy: Unknown, presumed to be the same as a standard ant -  90 days (worker ant)  Did you know? Cocktail ants will build their nests near birds nests so that as the birds protect their own nests from predators they inadvertently protect the ants. Cocktail ants are called that because they cock their tails in the air and squirt on the bite.

A Game Drive through Hluhluwe-Imfolozi Game Reserve

Hey there,

Issie and I were lucky enough to find ourselves with a day off on Saturday so we did what any normal person would do and decided on a drive around Hluhluwe-Imfolozi game reserve;

  • 5:30 am: Why am I up this early?! It’s cold, feels like I’m back in the UK!  Why are we doing this again? I must be insane, I only went to bed 6 hours ago :(   Ok checklist; Camera, batteries, wallet, me – ready to roll!
  • 6:00 am: As we get on the road I’m reminded we’re in South Africa by the beautiful sunrise behind me and after only 30 minutes of driving we’re at the Memorial Gate entrance to the park.

  • 7:00 am:  Ok, we’ve been in the park less than an hour and eagle-eyed Issie (despite being the driver…) sees out of the corner of her eye a baby Rhino quite deep in the bush as we drive past. A quick U-turn and we quietly head back to where we saw it. Lucky for us the mother led her baby right out in front of us across the road.  Stopping at the side of the road the mother and baby turn to look at us before the mother heads slowly into the bush munching on the grass.

The baby however decides to tell us that she is boss, and stomps her little legs and paces around like a spoilt princess before – with a look from her mother – she follows her into the bush.

I am always amazed at how quickly rhino – like Elephants – can disappear into the bush so quickly and effectively. It shouldn’t be possible, they are huge!

 

  • 8:00 am:  Despite the cold we have already seen three (sleepy looking) Giraffes, two Elephants (far away) and a herd of Buffalo over on the neighboring hill. I can’t wait for it to warm up a bit more and wake up the animals.

 

  • 10:00 am: Peek-a-boo Mr. Croc, we see you. This little guy is always here swimming and sunbathing – I guess when your home is perfect, why move?

  • 11:00 am: Quick tea break enjoying the view at Hilltop Camp. Great gift shop here as well, it is hard to resist having a peek.

  • 12:00 pm:  Leaving Hilltop Camp we head down into one of the valleys in search of Zebra.  Then, all of a sudden this little furry thing shoots across the road in front of us and darts up a tree. I vainly strained my eyes in search of the Vervet monkey in the tree ahead when from behind me comes a little snapping noise as one breaks a twig. The little thing had been sitting there watching us, no doubt mocking us because we couldn’t see any of them.

At the sound of the twig the other monkeys reacted allowing us to pick out their little black faces peeking between branches.  We had sitting above us three adults and two juveniles. After about ten minutes of playing “who-is-watching-who”, two of the adults made a break for it dashing away into the denser trees.

The third adult remained and called to the young ones who were making their way higher and higher into the tree canopy. At the call these two little ones came crashing through the trees as though racing each other to get to their mother first, then in a flash they too were gone. Let the Zebra search continue!

  • 1:00 pm:  By now we’re starting to get a little worried that we’ve seen no Zebra or Impala. Normally you can’t go an hour in the park without seeing them and now we’ve been in here 8 hours and not spotted one!  What we do find as we turn the corner into more open savannah is an Elephant, nice and close to the road, absolutely beautiful munching away without a care in the world, it is a very serene scene.

And then we see the tour guide in front of us get out of his car and encourage his client to wander away from the car to get a better angle for her picture of the Elephant. Idiot – although saying that he is not completely stupid, he did wait next to his open car door so he could get in quickly…

Then more Elephants arrived, and then a Giraffe crossed the scene in the background closely followed by two Zebra (Woo hoo! We’ve finally seen some Zebra!). It was like being in a Disney movie, perfect.

  • 2:00 pm:  Straight ahead, Vultures! Fantastic we think, we might see a Lion kill or maybe a Wild dog. So crossing our finger we head for the rough direction of the Vultures and find ourselves going up and up and up and up – oops wrong turn, but no worries, Nyala.
  • 3:00 pm:  Right, time to consider heading home, the rugby is at 5:00pm. But it would appear the park has other ideas, directly on the hillside opposite are two zebra and four impala all grazing together.

 

Then the next corner reveals another Giraffe and a Warthog, then all the birds start to come out.

I have the greatest respect for bird photographers, birds tease. Just as soon as you get your shot lined up they turn their heads, or hop to another branch or worst of all… fly away.  Another thing the birds like to do is sit very still in front of you, with their head behind a branch – it is like playing hide-and-seek with very small children who have grasped the concept of “I can’t see you, you can’t see me” except more frustrating. Children can at least be bribed to sit still.

Still operation leave-the- park commenced and was hindered most spectacularly by all the birds, and more Giraffes, and more Buffalo and more Elephants and then by the sunset which was beautiful as the sun dipped below the hills and then reappeared as you drove out of the valleys. Our departure then halted abruptly as we passed a family of Rhino at a waterhole (Video here).